Anden litteratur

Anden litteratur.

A. 

Agca R, Heslinga SC, Rollefstad S et al. EULAR recommendations for cardiovascular disease risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory joint disorders: 2015/2016 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017 Jan;76(1):17-28. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209775. PubMed PMID: 27697765. 
Ahmed N, Prior JA, Chen Y et al. Prevalence of cardiovascular-related comorbidity in ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis in primary care: a matched retrospective cohort study. Clin Rheumatol. 2016 Dec;35(12):3069-3073. PubMed PMID: 27485152.
Albright J, Allman R, Bonfiglio RP et al. Philadelphia Panel Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines on Selected Rehabilitation Interventions: Overview and Methodology. Phys Ther 2001; 81:1629-1640.
Anwar F, Al-Khayer A, Joseph G et al. Delayed presentation and diagnosis of cervical spine injuries in long-standing ankylosing spondylitis. Eur Spine J (2011) 20:403–407.
Averns HL, Oxtobf J, Taylor HG et al. Smoking and Outcome in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Scand J Rheumatol 1996; 25: 138-42.
Azevedo VT, Pecoits-Filho R. Atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatol Int (2010) 30:1411–1416 DOI 10.1007/s00296-010-1416-3.
 
B.
Baraliakos X, Heldmann F, Listing J et al. Which spinal lesions are associated with new bone formation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis treated with anti-TNF agents? A long-term observational study using MRI and conventional radiography. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73: 1819–1825.
Baraliakos X, Braun J. Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: what
are the similarities and differences? RMD Open 2015;1:e000053. doi:10.1136/rmdopen-2015000053.
Barons MJ, Turner S, Parsons N et al. Fitness predicts long-term survival after a cardiovascular event: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2015;5:e007772. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007772. 
Bengtsson K, Forsblad-d’Elia H, Lie E et al. Risk of cardiac rhythm disturbances and aortic regurgitation in different spondyloarthritis subtypes in comparison with general population: a registerbased study from Sweden. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 0: 1–8. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-212189.
Bengtsson K, Forsblad-d’Elia H, Lie E et al. Are ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events? A prospective nationwide population-based cohort study. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2017; 19:102.
Bennett PH, Burch TA: Population Studies of the Rheumatic Diseases. Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica Foundation, 1968, 456-457.

Bennett SE, Almeida C, Bachmair EM et al.  Remotely delivered cognitive-behavioural and personalized exercise interventions to lessen the impact of fatigue: A qualitative evaluation.   Rheumatology Advances in Practice 2022; 6(2): rkac051.  doi: 10.1093/rap/rkac051

Berg R, Gaalen F, Mil A et al. Performance of classification criteria for peripheral spondyloarthritis and psoriatic arthritis in the Leiden Early Arthritis cohort. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 71:1366–9.
Berg IJ et al. Uveitis is associated with hypertension and atherosclerosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a cross-sectional study. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2014 Dec;44(3):309-13. 
Berg IJ, Semb AG, Sveaas SH et al. Associations Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Arterial Stiffness in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Cross-sectional Study. J Rheumatol. 2018 Nov;45(11):1522-1525.

Berg IJ, Semb AG, Heijde et al. CRP and ASDAS are associated with future elevated arterial stiffness, a risk marker of cardiovascular disease, in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: results after 5-year follow-up. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015;74(8):1562-6. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206773.

Bhagavathula AS, Bentley BL, Woolf B et al. Increased risk of stroke among patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Reumatologia Clinica 2022. DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2022.04.001
Bhattad PB, Kulkarni M, Patel PD et al. Cardiovascular Morbidity in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Focus on Inflammatory Cardiac Disease. Cureus. 2022; 14(6): e25633. doi: 10.7759/cureus.25633. 
Bittar M, Merjanah S, Alkilany R et al. Malignancy in ankylosing spondylitis: a cross-sectional analysis of a large population database. BMC Rheumatol. 2022; 6(1):44. doi: 10.1186/s41927-022-00275-x
Borg GA. Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress. Scand J Rehabil Med 1970; 2: 92–98.
Brandt S, Zbinden A, Baeten D et al. Risk factors for flare and treatment of disease flares during pregnancy in rheumatoid arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis patients. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2017; 19:64, DOI 10.1186/s13075-017-1269-1.

Braun J et al. 2010 update of the ASAS/EULAR recommendations for the management of ankylosing spondylitis.  Ann Rheum Dis 2011;70:896–904.
Braun J, Seiper J. Spondyloarthritis. RHEUMATIC DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA, Saunders
2012.Volume38, Number3. ISSN 2012ISSN0889-857X, ISBN 13:978-1-4557-5066-5.
Braunstein E. Ankylosing Spondylitis in Men and Women: A Clinical and Radiographic comparison. Radiology 1982, 144: 91-94.
Bremander A, Petersson IF, Bergman S, et al. Population-based estimates of common comorbidities and cardiovascular disease in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2011;63:550–6.
Bron JL, de Vries MK, Snieders MN et al. Discovertebral (Andersson) lesions of the spine in ankylosing spondylitis revisited. Clin Rheumatol 2009; 28:883–892.
Brown WMC, Davison GW, McClean CM et al. A Systematic Review of the Acute Effects of Exercise on Immune and Inflammatory Indices in Untrained Adults. Sports Medicine – Open (2015) 1:35.
Brophy S, Cooksey R, Atkinson M et al. No increased rate of acute myocardial infarction or stroke among
patients with ankylosing spondylitis-a retrospective cohort study using routine data. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2012;42:140–5.
 
C.
Carbon RJ, Macey MG, McCarthy DA et al. The effect of 30 min cycle ergometry on ankylosing spondylitis. Br J Rheumatol. 1996 Feb;35(2):167-77.
Castaneda S et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and associated risk factors in Spanish patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases attending rheumatology clinics: Baseline data of the CARMA Project.  Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism 2015; 44(6): 618-626).
Chen Y et al. Left ventricular myocardial dysfunction and premature atherosclerosis in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Rheumatology 2015 Feb; 54(2): 292-301.
Chen H, Chen C, Liao H et al. Factors Associated with Radiographic Spinal Involvement and Hip Involvement in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2010; 40:552-558.
Chen C, Hung-An Chen, Chin-Li L et al. Association of cigarette smoking with Chinese ankylosing spondylitis patients in Taiwan: a poor disease outcome in systemic inflammation, functional ability, and physical mobility. Clin Rheumatol 2013; 32:659–663.
Chou, C-H et al. A nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study: increased risk of acute coronary syndrome in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 2014; 43(2): 132–136. 
Chen FC, Jin ZL, Wang DF. A retrospective study of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for chronic pain following ankylosing spondylitis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Jul;97(27):e11265. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011265.
Ciurea A, Scherer A, Weber A et al. Impaired response to treatment with tumour necrosis factor a inhibitors in smokers with axial spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2016;75:532–539. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205133.
Ciurea A, Scherer A, Exer P et al. Tumor Necrosis Factor á Inhibition in Radiographic and Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis. ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM 2013; 65(12): 3096–3106. 
COLQUHOUN RJ. TRAINING VOLUME, NOT FREQUENCY, INDICATIVE OF MAXIMAL STRENGTH ADAPTATIONS TO RESISTANCE TRAINING. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 2018, 32(5)/1207–1213.
Coksevim NH, Durmus D, Kuru O. Effects of global postural reeducation exercise and anti-TNF treatments on disease activity, function, fatigue, mobility, sleep quality and depression in patients with active Ankylosing spondylitis: A prospective follow-up study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2018;31(6):1005-1012. doi: 10.3233/BMR-170901.
Connolly D,  Fitzpatrick C and O’Shea F. Disease Activity, Occupational Participation, and Quality of Life for Individuals with and without Severe Fatigue in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Occupational Therapy International Volume 2019, Article ID 3027280, doi.org/10.1155/2019/3027280
Cooksey R, Brophy S, Dennis M et al. Severe flare as a predictor of poor outcome in ankylosing spondylitis: a cohort study using questionnaire and routine data linkage. Rheumatology 2015 ; 54: 1563_1572. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kev015.
Coulter EH, McDonald MT, Cameron et al. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour and their associations with clinical measures in axial spondyloarthritis. Rheumatology International doi.org/10.1007/s00296-019-04494-3
Cruyssen BV, Munoz-Gomariz E, Font P et al. Hip involvement in ankylosing spondylitis: epidemiology and risk factors associated with hip replacement surgery. Rheumatology 2010; 49:73–81.
 
D.
Dagfinrud H, Halvorsen S, Vøllestad NS et al. Exercise Programs in Trials for Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis: Do They Really Have the Potential for Effectiveness? Arthritis Care & Research 2011; 63 (4): 597–603.
DeFina LF, HasKell WL, Willis BL et al. Physical Activity Versus Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Two (Partly) Distinct Components of Cardiovascular Health? Progress in cardiovascular disease 2015: 324-329. 
Dean LE, Macfarlane GJ, Jones GT. Five Potentially Modifiable Factors Predict Poor Quality of Life in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Results from the Scotland Registry for Ankylosing Spondylitis. J Rheumatol. 2018 Jan;45(1):62-69. 
Deminger A, Klingberg E, Geijer M  et al. A five-year prospective study of spinal radiographic progression and its predictors in men and women with ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2018 Aug 3;20(1):162. doi: 10.1186/s13075-018-1665-1. 
Dodds RM, Syddall HE, Cooper R et al. Grip Strength across the Life Course: Normative Data from Twelve British Studies. PLoS ONE 9(12): e113637. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113637.
Dougados M, Sepriano A, Molto A et al. Sacroiliac radiographic progression in recent onset axial spondyloarthritis: the 5-year data of the DESIR cohort. Ann Rheum Dis 2017;76:1823–1828. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211596.  
Dubreuil M, Qiong L, Peloquin CE et al. Risk of myocardial infarction with use of selected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with spondyloarthritis and osteoarthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (ANN RHEUM DIS), Aug2018; 77(8): 1137-1143.
Durcan L, Wilson F, Conway R et al. Increased Body Mass Index in Ankylosing Spondylitis Is Associated with Greater Burden of Symptoms and Poor Perceptions of the Benefits of Exercise. J Rheumatol 2012;39;2310-2314. 
Dülger S, Aykurt Karlibel İ, Kasapoğlu Aksoy M et al. How Does Smoking Cessation Affect Disease Activity, Function Loss, and Quality of Life in Smokers With Ankylosing Spondylitis?  J Clin Rheumatol. 2018 Jul 10. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000000851.
Dzieza-Grudnik A, Sulicka J, Strach M et al. Arterial stiffness is not increased in patients with short duration rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. BLOOD PRESSURE 2017; 26(2): 115–121, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08037051.2016.1232586.
 
E.
Einsiedel T, SchmeltzA, Arand M. Injuries of the cervical spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis:
experience at two two trauma centers. J Neurosurg Spine 2006; 5: 33-45. 
Eriksson JK, Jacobsson L, Bengtsson K, Askling J. Is ankylosing spondylitis a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and how do these risks compare with those in rheumatoid arthritis? Ann Rheum Dis. 2016 Jun 9. pii: annrheumdis-2016-209315. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209315. PubMed PMID: 27283333. 
Essers I, Stolwijk C, Boonen A et al. Ankylosing spondylitis and risk of ischaemic heart disease: a population-based cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016 Jan;75(1):203-9. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206147. PubMed PMID: 25362044.
Essers I, Stolwijk C, Boonen A et al. Ankylosing spondylitis and risk of ischaemic heart disease: a population- based cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 0:1–7. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206147.
Exarchou S, Lie E, Lindström U et al. Mortality in ankylosing spondylitis: results from a nationwide population-based study. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 0:1–7. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207688.
 
F.
Feldtkeller E, Bruckel J, et al. Scientific contributions of ankylosing spondylitis patient advocacy groups. Curr opin Rheumatol 2000; 12: 239–47. 
de Freitas LV, Rodrigues IK, de Andrade KR et al. The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index Varies Significantly During the Daytime.  J Clin Rheumatol. 2018 Aug;24(5):278-279. doi: 10.1097/RHU.0000000000000772.
 
 
G.
Gaber W et al. Impact of smoking on disease outcome in ankylosing spondylitis patients. Egyptian Rheumatologist 2015; 37(4): 185-189.
Gabriel S, Michaud K. Epidemiological studies in incidence, prevalence, mortality, and comorbidity of the rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2009, 11:229.
Gardner SC, Majercik SD, VanBoerum D et al. Man, 57, With Dyspnea After Chiropractic
Manipulation (Part 1). Grand Rounds 2013;23(4):23-24, 27-28.
Genre F, López-Mejías R, Miranda-Filloy JA et al. Anti-TNF-a therapy reduces endothelial cell activation in non-diabetic ankylosing spondylitis patients. Rheumatol Int 2015, DOI 10.1007/s00296-015-3314-1.
Ghozlani I, Ghazi M, Nouijai A et al. Prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis and vertebral fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Bone 2009; 44: 772–776.
Giannotti E, Trainito S, Arioli G et al. Effects of physical therapy for the management of patients with ankylosing spondylitis in the biological era. Clin Rheumatol 2014; DOI 10.1007/s10067-014-2647-6.
Gilard V, Curey S, S. Derrey S et al. Cervical spine fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis:
Importance  of early management. Neurochirurgie 2014; 60: 239–243. 

Glintborg B, Højgaard P, Lund Hetland M et al. Impact of tobacco smoking on response to tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor treatment in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: results from the Danish nationwide DANBIO registry. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2016 Apr;55(4):659-68. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev392. PubMed PMID: 26628579.

González-Chávez SA and Pacheco-Tena C. Exercise-driven exacerbation of inflammation: contribution of animal models of rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis. Connect Tissue Res. 2022; 63(5):425-442. doi: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2036734

Gullivan GM. Using Effect Size—or Why the P Value Is Not Enough. J Grad Med Educ. 2012 Sep; 4(3): 279–282.
Gran JT, Skomsvoll. British Journal of Rheumatology 1997; 36: 766-771. 
Grgic J. Effect of Resistance Training Frequency on Gains in Muscular Strength: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine · February 2018.
 
 
H.
Haglund E. Prevalence, physical activity, and work in patients with spondyloarthritis. Akademisk afhandling, Lunds Universitet 2013.
Haglund E, Bremander A, Bergman S et al. Educational needs in patients with spondyloarthritis in Sweden – a mixedmethods study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2017; 18:335, DOI 10.1186/s12891-017-1689-8.

Hay CA, Packham J, Ryan S et al. Diagnostic delay in axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic review. Clin Rheumatol. 2022;41(7):1939-1950. doi: 10.1007/s10067-022-06100-7

Hamdi W, Alaya Z, Ghannouchi MM et al. Associated risk factors with worse functional prognosis and hip
replacement surgery in ankylosing spondylitis. Joint Bone Spine 2012; 79: 94-96.
Hamersma J, Cardon LR, Bradbury L et al. Disease Severity in Ankylosing Spondylitis Genetically Determined? ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM 2001, 44 (6): 1396-1400.
Han C, Robinson DW Jr, Hackett MV, et al. Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheumatol 2006; 33:2167–72.
Haroon NN, Paterson JM, Li P. Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis Have Increased Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Mortality. A Population-Based Study. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163:409-416. doi:10.7326/M14-2470.  
Hawley S, Sacks S, Bowness P et al. Incidence of Total Hip and Knee Replacement in UK Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis. Journal of Rheumatology; (Toronto, Ontario) Aug2018; v.45 n.8, 1334-1336.
Healey EL. et al. Impact of ankylosing spondylitis on work in patients across the UK. Scand J Rheumatol 2011; 40:34–40.
Heijde D, Landewe R, Baraliakos X, et al. Radiographic findings following two years of infliximab therapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum 2008;58:3063–70.

Hung RK, Al-Mallah MH, Qadi MA et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness attenuates risk for major adverse cardiac events in hyperlipidemic men and women independent of statin therapy: The Henry Ford ExercIse Testing Project. Am Heart J 2015;170:390-399.e6.

Hörnberg K, Ljung L, Södergren A et al. Individual Regression Modeling of Spinal Mobility Measurements in Long-Term Ankylosing Spondylitis: In-Depth Analyses With Comparison to Norm Data. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2022. doi: 10.1002/acr.24895

I, J.
Ikezoe T. Effects of low-load, higher-repetition versus high-load, lower-repetition resistance training not performed to failure on muscle strength, mass, and echo intensity in healthy young men: a time-course study. J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Oct 7. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002278
Jakobsson GL, Stephansson O, Askling J et al. Pregnancy outcomes in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a nationwide register study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016 Oct;75(10):1838-42. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207992. PubMed PMID: 26698845. 
Jansen da Silva A. Influence of exercise order on repetition performance with low intensity resistance in untrained men. ConScientiae Saúde, 2015;14(1):63-71.
Jones GT, Ratz T, Dean LE et al. Disease Severity in Never Smokers, Ex-Smokers, and Current Smokers With Axial Spondyloarthritis: Results From the Scotland Registry for Ankylosing Spondylitis. Arthritis Care & Research 2017; 69 (9): 1407–1413, DOI 10.1002/acr.23157.
Jørgensen PD. et al. Fysioterapi til patienter med spondylartritis. Fysioterapeuten 2013, 9: 42-50.
 
K.

Kandregula S, Birk HS, Savardekar A et al. Spinal Fractures in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Patterns, Management, and Complications in the United States – Analysis of Latest Nationwide Inpatient Sample Data. Neurospine. 2021 Dec;18(4):786-797. doi: 10.14245/ns.2142712.356

Kaut IK, Abourazzak FE, Jamila E et al. Axial Spondyloarthritis and Cigarette Smoking. The Open Rheumatology Journal, 2017, 11, 53-61.
Keller JJ, Hsu J-L, Lin S-M. Increased risk of stroke among patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a population-based matched-cohort study. Rheumatol Int. 2014 Feb;34(2): 255-63.
Kellgren JH, Jeffrey MR, Ball J: The Epidemiology of Chronic Rheumatism. Vol. I. Oxford, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1963, 326-327.

Kerola AM, Kazemi A, Rollefstad S et al. All-cause and cause-specific mortality in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis: a nationwide registry study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 61(12):4656-4666. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac210

Killeen PR. An Alternative to Null-Hypothesis Significance Tests. Psychol Sci. 2005 May; 16(5): 345–353. 
Kim SK, Shin K, Song Y et al. Andersson lesions of whole spine magnetic resonance imaging compared with plain radiography in ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatol Int. 2016 Dec;36(12):1663-1670. PubMed PMID: 27460819.
Kim T, Lee S, Joo KB et al. The presence of peripheral arthritis delays spinal radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis: Observation Study of the Korean Spondyloarthropathy Registry. Rheumatology 2014;53:1404-1408.
Kim T-J et al. The presence of peripheral arthritis delays spinal radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis: Observation study of the Korean Spondyloarthropathy Registry. Rheumatology 2014, 53(8), 1404-1408.
Klingberg E, Lorentzon M, Mellström D et al. Osteoporosis in ankylosing spondylitis prevalence, risk factors and methods of assessment. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2012, 14:R108.
Koch MB, Davidsen M, Juel K. HJERTEKARSYGDOMME I DANMARK. FOREKOMST OG UDVIKLING 2000-2009. Statens Institut for Folkesundhed (SIF), Syddansk Universitet Øster Farimagsgade 5A, 2. 1353 København K. 2011.
 
L. 
Lange U, Müller-Ladner U, Dischereit G. Effectiveness of Whole-Body Hyperthermia by Mild Water-Filtered Infrared A  Radiation in Ankylosing Spondylitis – A Controlled, Randomised, Prospective Study. Akt Rheumatol 2017; 42: 122–128. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-116945.
Lanza FL, Chan FKL, Quigley EMM et al. Guidelines for Prevention of NSAID-Related Ulcer Complications. Am J Gastroenterol  2009; 104:728 – 738; doi: 10.1038/ajg.2009.115.  
Lauper K, Courvoisier DS, Chevallie, P et al. Incidence and Prevalence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis, and Axial Spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Care & Research (ARTHRITIS CARE RES (2151464X)), Dec2018; 70(12): 1756-1763.
Lee J, Seunghun LEE, So-Young Bang et al. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anterior Atlantoaxial Subluksation in Ankylosing Spondylitis. J Rheumatol 2012;39:2321–26.
Lee S, Lee JY, Hwang JH et al. Clinical importance of inflammatory facet joints of the spine in ankylosing spondylitis: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Scand J Rheumatol 2016: 1–8.  http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03009742.2016.1150506
Lee W, Reveille JD, Davis JC et al. Are there gender differences in severity of ankylosing spondylitis? Results from the PSOAS cohort. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66: 633–638.
Lee W, Reveille JD, Weismann MH. Women With Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Review- Arthritis Care & Research 2008; 59(3): 449–454. DOI 10.1002/art.23321. 
Leverment S, Clarke E, Wadeley A etal. Prevalence and factors associated with disturbed sleep in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic review. Rheumatol Int. 2016 Oct 28. PubMed PMID: 27796520.
Liew JW, Ward MM, Reveille JD et al. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug use is Associated with Incident Hypertension in Ankylosing Spondylitis. Arthritis Care & Research   doi.org/10.1002/acr.24070
Linda E. et al. Global prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology. Rheumatology Advance Access published December 9, 2013. (doi:10.1093/rheumatology/ket387).
Linden SM, Valkenburg HA. et al. Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis. Aproposal for modification of the New York criteria. Arthritis rheum 1984; 27:361–8.
Linden SM, Baeten D, Maksymowych WP. KELLEY’S TEXTBOOK OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2013: 1202-1220, Philadelphia. 
Liua S, Moraisa SA, Lapane KL et al. Physical activity and attitudes and perceptions towards physical activity
in patients with spondyloarthritis: A systematic review. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism 00 (2019) 1-14
Lubrano E, SpAdaro A, Amato G et al. Tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitor therapy and rehabilitation for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis: A systematic review. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism 2015; 44: 542-550.
Lukasiewicz AM et al. Spinal Fracture in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis. SPINE 2016; 41(3): 191–196.
 
M. 
Maas F, Arends S, van der Veer E et al. Obesity Is Common in Axial Spondyloarthritis and Is Associated with Poor Clinical Outcome. J Rheumatol. 2016 Feb;43(2):383-7. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.150648. PubMed PMID: 26669924. 
Maas F, Spoorenberg A, van der Slik BP et al. Clinical risk factors for the presence and development of vertebral fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2016 Jul 7. doi: 10.1002/acr.22980. PubMed PMID: 27389998. 
Maas F, Spoorenberg A, Brouwer E et al. Radiographic vertebral fractures develop in patients with ankylosing spondylitis during 4 years of TNF-α blocking therapy. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2016 Mar-Apr;34(2):191-9. PubMed PMID: 26886385.
Machado P, Landewé R, Braun J et al. Both structural damage and inflammation of the spine contribute to impairment of spinal mobility in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 2010;69:1465–1470.
Madsen OR. Knoglemasse og frakturrisiko hos patienter med ankyloserende spondylitis. Ugeskrift for Læger 2008 ;170(48):3980.

Maguire S, Wilson F, Gallagher P et al. Central Obesity in Axial Spondyloarthritis: The Missing Link to Understanding Worse Outcomes in Women?  Journal of Rheumatology 2022; 49 (6): 577-584. 
Maguire S, Wilson F, Gallagher P et al.  What to expect when women with axial spondyloarthritis are expecting: Prevalence of complications of pregnancies in women with axial spondyloarthritis. Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism 2022; 54: 151993
Martorelli S. Strength training with repetitions to failure does not provide additional strength and muscle hypertrophy gains in young women. Eur J Transl Myol 2017; 27 (2): 113-120

Masiero S, Bonaldo L, Pigatto M et al. Rehabilitation Treatment in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Stabilized with Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Therapy. A Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal of Rheumatology 2011; 38:7; doi:10.3899/jrheum.100987.

Mathew AJ, Glintborg B, Krogh NS et al. Enthesitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis – data from the Danish nationwide DANBIO registry. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2022 ; 52:151948. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.12.012

Mathieu S, Gossec L, Dougados M, et al. Cardiovascular profile in ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2011; 63: 557.
Medcom – Det danske Sundhedsdatanet. http://www.medcom.dk/wm109864
Midtbø H, Gerdts E, Berg IJ et al. Ankylosing Spondylitis Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy.  J Rheumatol. 2018 Aug;45(9):1249-1255.
Min HK , Lee J , Ju JH et al. Alcohol consumption as a predictor of the progression of spinal structural damage in axial spondyloarthritis: data from the Catholic Axial Spondyloarthritis COhort (CASCO). Arthritis Research & Therapy 2019, 21:187; doi.org/10.1186/s13075-019-1970-3

Mogard E, Bremander A and Haglund E. A combination of two or more unhealthy lifestyle factors is associated with impaired physical and mental health in patients with spondyloarthritis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Rheumatol. 2022; 6(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s41927-022-00260-4

Molnar C,  Scherer A, Baraliakos X et al. TNF blockers inhibit spinal radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis by reducing disease activity: results from the Swiss Clinical Quality Management cohort. Ann Rheum Dis 2018;77:63–69. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211544.
Murphy MK, Black NA, Lamping DL et al: Consensus development methods, and their use in clinical guideline development. Health Technol Assess 1998, 2(3):i-88.
 
N.
Neves LXDS. Repetitions to failure versus not to failure during concurrent training in healthy elderly men: a randomized clinical trial. Experimental gerontology, 2018, 108, 18‐27 | added to CENTRAL: 30 April 2018 | 2018 Issue 4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2018.03.017 .
Nissen CB, Hørslev-Petersen K, Primdahl J. Cardiovascular risk profiles in a hospital-based population of patients with psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: a cross-sectional study. Rheumatol Int. 2016 Nov 26. PubMed PMID: 27889826. 
Nugent M, Berney MJ, Morris S. Clinical outcomes following spinal fracture in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ir J Med Sci 2017; 186:677–681.
 
O.
O’Dwyer T, O’Shea F, Wilson F. Exercise therapy for spondyloarthritis: a systematic review. Rheumatol Int 2014; DOI 10.1007/s00296-014-2965-7. 
O’Dwyer T, Monaghan A, Moran J et al. Behaviour change intervention increases physical activity, spinal mobility and quality of life in adults with ankylosing spondylitis: a randomised trial. Journal of Physiotherapy 2017; 63:30-39.

Ofman JJ, Maclean CH, STRAUS WL et al. Meta-analysis of Dyspepsia and Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. Arthritis Care & Research 2003; 49(4): 508–518.

Osthoff RA, Nast I and Niedermann K. Understanding beliefs related to physical activity in people living with axial Spondyloarthritis: a theory-informed qualitative study. BMC Rheumatology 2022; 6:1 Article Number: 40. doi.org/10.1186/s41927-022-00270-2

 
P.
Park Y-S, Kim J-H, Ryu J-A et al. The Andersson lesion in ankylosing spondylitis. DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN THE INFLAMMATORY AND TRAUMATIC SUBTYPES. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 2011;93-B:961-966.
Pavy S, Brophy S, Hickey S et al. Iritis: Is it a Predictor of long term outcome in ankylosing spondylitis? Rheumatology 2002; 41(Suppl 1): A306.
Pedersen OB, Svendsen AJ, Ejstrup L et al. Ankylosing spondylitis in Danish and Norwegians twins: occurrence and the relative importance of genetic vs. environmental effectors in disease causation. Scand J Rheumatol 2008; 37: 120-126.
Peters MJ, van der Horst-Bruinsma IE, Dijkmans BA et al. Cardiovascular risk profile of patients with spondylarthropathies, particularly ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2004; 34: 585–92.
Peters MJ, Visman I, Nielen MM et al. Ankylosing spondylitis: a risk factor for myocardial infarction? Ann
Rheum Dis 2010; 69: 579–81.
Poddubnyy D, Henning Zeidler, Hildrun Haibel et al. Baseline Radiographic Damage, Elevated Acute-Phase Reactant Levels, and Cigarette Smoking Status Predict Spinal Radiographic Progression in Early Axial Spondylarthritis. ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM 2012; 64(5): 1388–1398. 
Poddubnyy D, Listing J, Haibel H et al.  Functional relevance of radiographic spinal progression in axial spondyloarthritis: results from the GErman SPondyloarthritis Inception Cohort. Rheumatology (RHEUMATOLOGY), Apr2018; 57(4): 703-711.
Poggenborg RP, Eshed I, Østergaard M et al. Enthesitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis and healthy subjects assessed by ‘head-to-toe’ whole-body MRI and clinical examination. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;0: 1-7.
Prieto-Alhambra D, Muñoz-Ortego J, De Vries F. Ankylosing spondylitis confers substantially increased risk of clinical spine fractures: a nationwide case-control study. Osteoporos Int 2015; 26:85–91.
Puentedura EJ, March J, Anders J et al. Safety of cervical spine manipulation: are adverse events preventable and are manipulations being performed appropriately? A review of 134 case reports. Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy 2012; 20 (2): 66-74.
 
Q. 
Qian B, Ji M, Qui Y et al. Is There any Correlation Between Pathological Profile of Facet Joints and Clinical Feature in Patients With Thoracolumbar Kyphosis Secondary to Ankylosing Spondylitis? An Immunohistochemical Investigation. SPINE 2016; 41 (9): E512–E518.
 
R. 
Ralston GW. Weekly Training Frequency Effects on Strength Gain: A Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine – Open  (2018) 4:36, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-018-0149-9
Ralston GW . The Effect of Weekly Set Volume on Strength Gain: A Meta-Analysis. Sports Med (2017) 47:2585–2601.                                                
Ramiro S. Hierarchy of Impairment of Spinal Mobility Measures in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Twelve-Year Data. Arthritis Care Res 2015 Nov; 67(11):1571-7. 
Ramiro S, Royston P, Landewe R et al. Reference intervals of spinal mobility measures in normal individuals: the MOBILITY study. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 74: 1218–24. 
Ramiro S, van der Heijde D, Sepriano A et al. Spinal radiographic progression in early axial Spondyloarthritis: Five-year results from the DESIR cohort. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018 Oct 24. doi: 10.1002/acr.23796.
Rasmussen JO. Helhedsprofil af morbus Bechterew – en spørgeskemaundersøgelse 2018. Link til artikel
Rekand T. Vladimir Bechterew – the professor stopped by Stalin. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2007; 127(24):3264-66.
Rinsky LA, Reynolds GG, Jameson RM, Hamilton RD. A cervical spinal cord injury following chiropractic manipulation. Paraplegia 1976 Feb; 13(4):223–227.
Robertson LP and M. J. Davis. A longitudinal study of disease activity and functional status in a hospital cohort of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology 2004; 43: 1565–1568.
Robinson Y, Sandén B, Olerud C. Increased occurrence of spinal fractures related to ankylosing spondylitis: a prospective 22-year cohort study in 17,764 patients from a national registry in Sweden. Patient Safety in Surgery 2013, 7-2.
Rollefstad S, Ikdahl E, Hisdal J et al. Association of Chest Pain and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease with Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Inflammatory Joint Diseases. Front. Med. 2:80. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2015.00080 
Romanowsk MW, Spiritovic M, Rutkowski R et al. Comparison of Deep Tissue Massage and Therapeutic Massage for Lower Back Pain, Disease Activity, and Functional Capacity of Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Pilot Study. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017, Article ID 9894128, 7 pages, doi.org/10.1155/2017/9894128.
Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Landew R et al. The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis
(part II): validation and final selection. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68, 777–83.
Rudwaleit M, Haibel H, Baraliakos X, et al. The early disease stage in axial spondylarthritis: results from the German Spondyloarthritis Inception Cohort. Arthritis Rheum 2009;60:717–27.
Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Landewe R et al. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis internationalSociety classification criteria for peripheral spondyloarthritis and for spondyloarthritis in general. Ann Rheum Dis 2011; 70: 25–31.
Rueda-Gotor J et al. Atherosclerotic disease in axial spondyloarthritis: increased frequency of carotid plaques. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2015 May-Jun; 33(3): 315-20.
Rueda-Gotor J, Llorca J, Corrales A et al. Carotid ultrasound in the cardiovascular risk stratification of patients with ankylosing spondylitis: results of a population-based study. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2016 Sep-Oct;34(5):885-892. PubMed PMID: 27606716.
 
S.
Sakaura H, Hosono N, Mukai Y et al. Paraparesis due to exacerbation of preexisting spinal pseudoarthrosis following infliximab therapy for advanced ankylosing spondylitis. Spine J 2006; 6(3):325–329.
Sakellariou GT et al. The effect of smoking on clinical and radiographic variables, and acute phase reactants in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatol Int 2015, DOI 10.1007/s00296-015-3381-3. 
Sari I, Lee S,  Tomlinson G et al. Factors Predictive of Radiographic Progression in Ankylosing Spondylitis, Arthritis Care & Research 2019, doi.org/10.1002/acr.24104
Sasaki H, Kasagi F, Yamada M et al. Grip Strength Predicts Cause-Specific Mortality in Middle-Aged and Elderly Persons. The American Journal of Medicine (2007) 120, 337-342.  
Schoenfeld BJ. STRENGTH AND HYPERTROPHY ADAPTATIONS BETWEEN LOW- VS.HIGH-LOAD RESISTANCE TRAINING:ASYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. J Strength Cond Res 31(12): 3508–3523, 2017. 
Schoenfeld BJ. Dose-response relationship between weekly resistance training volume and increases in muscle mass: A systematic review and meta-analysis 2016. Journal of Sports Sciences, DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1210197. 
Selmi C. Diagnosis and classification of autoimmune uveitis. Autoimmunity Reviews 2014; 13 (4-591–594.
Semb AG, Ikdahl E, Hisdal J et al. Exploring cardiovascular disease risk evaluation in patients with inflammatory joint diseases. International Journal of Cardiology 2016; 223: 331–336. 
Senna GW. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT INTERSET REST INTERVALS ON PERFORMANCE OF SINGLE AND MULTIJOINT EXERCISES WITH NEAR-MAXIMAL LOADS. J Strength Cond Res 30(3): 710–716, 2016.  
Sieper J, van der Heijde DM, Landewe RB et al. New criteria for inflammatory back pain in patients with chronic back pain:a real patient exercise of the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS). Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:784–8.
Sieper J, Rudwaleit M, Baraliakos X et al. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68(Suppl II):ii1–ii44.
Sieper J. and  Braun J. Ankylosing Spondylitis: In Clinical Practice, DOI 10.1007/978-0-85729-180-6_4, © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2011.
Sijl AM et al. Tumour necrosis factor blocking agents and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015 Jan; 74(1): 119-23.
Simkin PA, Downey DJ and Kilcoyne RF. Apophyseal arthritis limits lumbar motion in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis and Rheumatism 1988; 31 (6): 798-802.
Sinaki M. Exercise for Patients With Osteoporosis: Management of Vertebral Compression Fractures and Trunk Strengthening for Fall Prevention. PM R 2012;4:882-888.

Sinaki M. Yoga Spinal Flexion Positions and Vertebral Compression Fracture in Osteopenia or Osteoporosis of Spine: Case Series. Pain Practice 2013; 13 (1): 68–75.

Stal R, Baraliakos X, van der Heijde D et al. Role of vertebral corner inflammation and fat deposition on MRI on syndesmophyte development detected on whole spine low-dose CT scan in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis. RMD Open 2022; 8(2):e002250. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002250
Stal R, Sepriano A, van Gaalen FA et al. Associations between syndesmophytes and facet joint ankylosis in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis patients on low-dose CT over 2 years. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 61(12):4722-4730. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac176

Stolwijk C, van Tubergen A, Castillo-Ortiz JD et al. Prevalence of extra-articular manifestations in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013;0:1–9.
Stone MA, Pomeroy E, Keat A et al. Assessment of the impact of flares in ankylosing spondylitis disease activity using the Flare Illustration. Rheumatology 2008; 47: 1213–1218.
Sukenik S, Pras A, Buskila D et al. Cardiovascular manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Rheumatol 1987; 6: 588–92. 
Sundström B, Ljung L, Wållberg-Jonsson S. Exercise habits and C-reactive protein may predict development of spinal immobility in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.  Clin Rheumatol. 2018 Oct;37(10):2881-2885.
Sundström B, Ljung L, Hörnberg K et al. Long-term spinal mobility in ankylosing spondylitis: a repeated cross-sectional study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2019,  doi: 10.1002/acr.23929
Sveaas SH, Berg IJ, Provan SA. Efficacy of High Intensity Exercise on Disease Activity and Cardiovascular Risk in Active Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. PLoS ONE 2014; 9(9): e108688. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108688.
Swift DL, Lavie CJ, Johannsen NM et al. Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Exercise Training in Primary and Secondary Coronary PreventionCirc J  2013; 77: 281 – 292.
Szabo SM, Levy AR, Rao SR et al. Increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in individuals with ankylosing spondylitis: a population-based study. Arthritis Rheum 2011; 63: 3294–304.
Syngle A, Vohra K, Sharma A et al. Endothelial dysfunction in ankylosing spondylitis improves after tumor necrosis factor-a blockade. Clin Rheumatol (2010) 29:763–770.
 
T. 
Tan S, Dasgupta A, Yao J et al. Spatial distribution of syndesmophytes along the vertebral rim in ankylosing spondylitis: preferential involvement of the posterolateral rim. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016 Nov;75(11):1951-1957.  doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-208802. PubMed PMID: 26797721; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5072453.
Taylor W, Gladman D, Helliwell Pet al. Classification criteria for psoriatic arthritis: development of new criteria from a large international study. Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Aug;54(8):2665-73.
Teunissen FR, Verbeek BM, Cha TD et al. Spinal cord injury after traumatic spine fracture in patients with ankylosing spinal disorders. J Neurosurg Spine 2017; 27:709–716.
 
U.
Ungprasert P, Srivali N, Kittanamongkolchai W. Risk of coronary artery disease in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Transl Med 2015;3(4):51. 
Ursin K, Lydersen S, Skomsvoll JF et al.  Disease activity during and after pregnancy in women with axial spondyloarthritis: a prospective multicentre study. Rheumatology (RHEUMATOLOGY), Jun2018; 57(6): 1064-1071.
 
V. 
Wang R, Ward MM. Epidemiology of axial spondyloarthritis: an update. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2017; 29, DOI:10.1097/BOR.0000000000000475.

Vejledning om adgang til vederlagsfri fysioterapi. Sundhedsstyrelsen Islands Brygge 67, 2300 København S. URL: http://www.sst.dk.

Vergne-Salle P, Salle L, Fressinaud-Marie AC et al. Diet and Disease Activity in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis: SpondyloArthritis and NUTrition Study (SANUT). Nutrients. 2022; 14(22):4730. doi: 10.3390/nu14224730

Verstappen SM, Jacobs JW, et al. Utility and direct costs: ankylosing spondylitis compared with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66:727–31.
Volaklis KA, Halle M, Meisinger C. Muscular strength as a strong predictor of mortality: A narrative review. European Journal of Internal Medicine 2015; 26: 303-310.
Vosse D, Landewé R, van der Heijde et al. Extended report: Ankylosing spondylitis and the risk of fracture: results from a large primary care-based nested case-control study. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68:12 1839-1842.
 
W. 
Wadeley A, Clarke E, Leverment S et al. Sleep in ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: associations with disease activity, gender and mood. Clin Rheumatol. 2018 Apr;37(4):1045-1052. doi: 10.1007/s10067-018-3984-7.
Ward MM. Predictors of the Progression of Functional Disability in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis. J Rheumatol 2002; 29: 1420–5.
Ward MM, Matthew R et al. Clinical and Immunogenetic Prognostic Factors for Radiographic Severity in
Ankylosing Spondylitis. Arthritis Care & Research 2009; 61(7):  859–866. 
Ward MM. Lifetime Risks of Valvular Heart Disease and Pacemaker Use in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Oct 16;7(20):e010016. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.010016. 
Ward MM: Risk of total knee arthroplasty in young and middle-aged adults with ankylosingspondylitis. Clin Rheumatol. 2018 Dec;37(12):3431-3433.
Wasserman BR, Moskovich R, Razi AE. Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Cervical Spine. Clinical Considerations. Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases 2011; 69(2): 136-48. 
Webers C, Essers I, Ramiro S et al. Gender-attributable differences in outcome of ankylosing spondylitis: long-term results from the Outcome in Ankylosing Spondylitis International Study. Rheumatology 2016;55:419-428. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kev340
Webers C et al. Gender-attributable differences in outcome of ankylosing spondylitis: long-term results from the Outcome in Ankylosing Spondylitis International Study. Rheumatology 2016; 55: 419-428, doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kev340.
Westerveld LA, van Bemmel JC, Dhert WJA et al. Clinical outcome after traumatic spinal fractures in patients with ankylosing spinal disorders compared with control patients. The Spine Journal 2014; 14: 729–740. 
Wysham KD, Murray SG, Hills N et al. Cervical Spine Fracture and Other Diagnoses Associated with Mortality in Hospitalized Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2016 May 9. doi: 10.1002/acr.22934. PubMed PMID: 27159625; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5102813.
 

X, Y.

Xie Y, Li X, Zhang Q et al. Stretching Training Rehabilitation Has Potential to Alleviate Ankylosing Spondylitis in Mice by Inactivating the Wnt/ β -Catenin Pathway. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2022. Article ID 3932504, doi.org/10.1155/2022/3932504

Yang SY, Passias PG, Boniello AJ et al. A Review of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Atlantoaxial Dislocations. Global Spine J 2014;4:197–210.
 
Z.
Zahiroglu Y, Ulus, Akyol Y et al. Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) enthesitis index in turkish patients with ankylosing spondylitis: Relationship with disease activity and quality of life. International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases 2014; 17: 173–180. 
Zbinden A, van den Brandt S, Østensen M et al. Risk for adverse pregnancy outcome in axial spondyloarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: disease activity matters. Rheumatology (RHEUMATOLOGY), Jul 2018; 57(7): 1235-1242.
Zhao S, Challoner B, Khattak M et al. Increasing smoking intensity is associated with increased disease activity in axial spondyloarthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2016 Nov 4. PubMed PMID: 27815702. 
Zhao S, Jones GT, Macfarlane GJ et al. Associations between smoking and extra-axial manifestations and disease severity in axial spondyloarthritis: results from the BSR Biologics Register for Ankylosing Spondylitis (BSRBR-AS). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018 Dec 14. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/key371.
Zochling J. Assessments in ankylosing spondylitis. Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology 2006; 20 (3): 521–537.
 
Å.
Åstrand & Rodahl. Textbook of work physiology, 3rd ed. McGraw Hill 1986. Side 363-384.